Friday, December 28, 2018

Lexember 28th: vísa, "goat"


Today's word is vísa goat.

Vísur në kovura si sanirë vukai!
goat.PL TOP everything ACC eat.IPFV PART
The goats are eating everything!

The final particle vukai marks a state of affairs the speaker is unhappy about.

You can use the term to refer to a person who is being inappropriately oversexual, somewhat answering to (American) English "dog," except it isn't exclusively male, and refers more to contextually inappropriate behavior than a deeper or permanent aspect of someone's personality.

Vísa ë, micha víni rum.
goat VOC mind be.still.IMP PART
Calm down, dog.

The combination of the imperative with the final particle rum makes an optative. So, "let (your) mind be calm."

Thursday, December 27, 2018

Lexember 27th: molánukivét, "creosote bush"


I'm back from the Sonoran desert, where the creosote bush is everywhere. So, today's word is molánukivét, creosote bush. It is formed from molán smoke, kiva tree, with the lexical diminutive ending -ét. There are other plants called "smoke tree" or "smoke bush" in English, but I'm using smoke in the word for creosote because from s distance a creosote bush has a somewhat hazy appearance, and from the aroma, which is distinctly smoky.

Ilivët molánukivét mitin annas si relo.
rain.CVB.PFV creosote.bush good aroma ACC carry.PFV
After it rains the creosote bush has a nice aroma.

Wednesday, December 26, 2018

Lexember 26th: lanna, "dune"


Another desert word, lanna /ˈlan.na/ dune.

Arha nen në rëtu lannur roko.
arha nen në rët-u lann-ur rok-o
erg LOC TOP many.PL dune.PL exist.PFV
There are many dunes in the erg.

How it is I have erg before dune is a bit of a mystery.

Tuesday, December 25, 2018

Lexember 25th: okkochál, "scorpion"


Today's word, okkochál /ʔok.ˈko.t͡ʃaːl/ scorpion, is made up of kochál tail and a much reduced form of ochuko bend, fold.

Ëmpin okkochál në kor si mokat harno.
this.kind scorpion TOP person ACC kill.INF be.able.PFV
This kind of scorpion can kill a person.

The word can also be used for someone who is adept at especially vicious office politics.

Okkochál nen tiëtë tui mítëmai, núkkiëlësto so.
okkochál nen tiëtë tui mít-ëmai núkkiël-ëst-o so
scorpion LOC near thus say-PFV.COND.CVB be.in.trouble-INCH-PFV ASSEV
If you talk that way in front of a scorpion you'll get into trouble.

Monday, December 24, 2018

Lexember 24th: lonta, "image, representation"


Today's word, lonta /ˈlon.ta/ image, representation, is derived from yesterday's launo copy, imitate.

Ën tátiën lës vë lonta chëtu-chëtin no.
this dog as ATTR image RED-bad be.PFV
This representation of a dog is poor.

The ADJ-u ADJ-in reduplication is used with adjectives to attenuate the sense.

Lonta së në ha ríncho.
image even TOP 1SG fear.PFV
I feared even the image.

Sunday, December 23, 2018

Lexember 23rd: launo, "copy, imitate, represent"


Another word I thought I already had, launo /ˈlaʊ̯.no/ is copy, imitate, represent.

Eman në mél si launo so.
child TOP parent ACC copy.PFV ASSEV
The child imitates the parent.

Ha në ël vë vahwa si launat harno më.
1SG TOP 3SG ATTR manner ACC copy.INF be.able.PFV NEG
I can't copy her manner (or style).

Ën në kiva si mitui launo.
this TOP tree ACC good.ADV copy.PFV
This represents a tree well.

All of this is leading up to tomorrow's word.

Saturday, December 22, 2018

Lexember 22nd: laucho, "weave"


Today's verb is laucho /ˈlaʊ̯.t͡ʃo/ weave.

Tëkímës si lauchirë.
hat ACC weave.IPFV
I'm weaving a hat.

I've not focused on this much in the Lexember examples, but Kílta can be aggressively PRO-drop, as here.

Mácha në sain si laucho.
spider TOP web ACC weave.PFV
The spider wove its web.

The word laucho can also be used to mean enchant, cast a spell on, with both people and things available as the object.

Inin kíkún aukka si laucho.
and.then coyote wolf ACC enspell.PFV
And then the coyote cast a spell on the wolf.

Artistic and Personal Mapmaking

General Semantics  is a philosophical movement with self-help overtones that had its heyday in the 1950s. It had impacts in a few areas, inc...